الدولة السلجوقية الكبرى

Arising from the Oghuz Turkic tribes under Tughril Beg, the Seljuks revived the Sunni Islamic world and rescued the Abbasid Caliphs from Buwayhid tutelage. Sultan Alp Arslan's monumental victory at the Battle of Manzikert (1071 CE) broke the Byzantine Empire's defensive perimeter and permanently opened Anatolia to Muslim culture. Under Sultan Malik-Shah I and his peerless Persian Grand Vizier Nizam al-Mulk, the empire established the Nizamiyya university system, which nurtured intellectual luminaries like Imam Al-Ghazali.